Intususcepción apendicular por foco endometriósico: un caso clínico / Appendiceal intussusception caused by endometriosis: a clinical case

Resumen Objetivo: Reportar el caso de una paciente con intususcepción apendicular (IA), condición infrecuente, secundario a foco de endometriosis, patología que en los últimos años ha presentado un aumento en su incidencia. Material y Método: Historia clínica, imágenes preoperatorias e intraoperatorias obtenidas de la ficha clínica. Resultados: Mujer de 35 años con dolor abdominal crónico de 4 meses de evolución. Se realiza estudio colonoscópico evidenciando lesión de 15 x 8 mm en ostium apendicular intususceptada al lumen cecal, y enteroclisis por tomografía axial computarizada (TC) que confirma IA. Se realiza una resección ileocecal laparoscópica demostrando la invaginación del apéndice con biopsia que muestra un foco de endometrioma. Discusión: La IA es una condición infrecuente con una incidencia cercana al 0,01% en la población general. Las patologías benignas son la principal causa (77%), siendo la endometriosis la causa más frecuente. Conclusión: La IA por endometriosis es anecdótica, con sintomatología poco específica. Los estudios disponibles pueden orientar adecuadamente la presencia de IA, sin embargo, en algunas ocasiones puede confundirse con patologías neoplásicas, donde cobra importancia la cirugía para dilucidar la etiología.

Objective: To report the case of a patient with appendicular intussusception (AI), an infrequent condition secondary to a focus of endometriosis, a pathology that has increased incidence in recent years. Material and Method: Clinical case, history and images obtained from the clinical file and intraoperative records with the consent of the patient. Results: A 35-year-old woman with abdominal pain. Colonoscopy study showing a 15 × 8 mm lesion in the appendicular ostium intussuscepted to the cecal lumen, and a computerized tomography (CT) enteroclysis confirming AI. A laparoscopic ileocecal resection is performed, demonstrating invagination of the appendix secondary to an endometrioma focus. Discussion: AI is a rare condition, with an incidence close to 0.01% in the general population. Benign pathologies are the main cause (77%), endometriosis being the most frequent cause. Conclusion: AI due to endometriosis is anecdotal, with unspecific symptoms. The available studies can adequately guide the presence of AI, however, on some occasions it can be confused with neoplastic pathologies, where surgery is important to elucidate the etiology.

Divertículo cecal solitario perforado: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Cecal solitary perforated diverticulum: case report and literature review

El objetivo de este artículo es relatar un caso de divertículo cecal solitario perforado, observado en el Hospital Municipal Los Pinos de La Paz Bolivia, en un paciente masculino de 72 años diagnosticado con abdomen agudo quirúrgico y la presencia de una masa en ciego cuyo estudio histopatológico informo divertículo perforado. La diverticulitis cecal es una entidad poco frecuente y se presenta en la mayoría de los casos como diagnostico secundario o incidental durante una laparatomía por apendicitis aguda. Además se expondrá no solo los medios diagnósticos, sino su clasificación y la terapéutica actualizada y/o estandarizada, que implica tomar en cuenta en esta patología una vez diagnosticada.

The aim of this article is to describe a case of solitary cecal diverticulum drilled, observed in the Hospital Municipal Los Pinos of the peace Bolivia, in a 72-year-old male patient diagnosed with surgical acute abdomen and the presence of a mass in blind whose histological study reported perforated diverticulum. Cecal diverticulitis is a rare entity and occurs in the majority of cases as diagnosis secondary or incidental damages during a laparotomy for acute appendicitis. In addition will be exposed not only the Diagnostics, but classification and therapeutic updated and/or standardized, which entails taking into account in this condition once diagnosed.

Tuberculosis ileocecal: revisión de la literatura a partir de un caso clínico / Ileocecal tuberculosis: literature review from a case report

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health challenge. The true incidence of intestinal TB is unknown, as it can be asymptomatic, and by its nature, often diverts its diagnosis to neoplastic diseases or inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, we must have a high index of suspicion, not only in high risk populations and immunocompromised patients. Diagnostic tests that certify the pathology, don’t always achieve excellent performance. Endoscopic findings are not always clear in differentiating malignancy, and in some cases, a therapeutic trial may be needed to confirm the disease. We present the case of a patient with chronic diarrhea, consumptive syndrome and without respiratory symptoms at its onset.

La tuberculosis (TBC) sigue siendo un reto importante de salud pública. La verdadera incidencia de TBC intestinal es desconocida, ya que puede ser asintomática, y por su naturaleza a menudo desvía su diagnóstico a patologías neoplásicas o de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Por lo tanto, se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha, no sólo en poblaciones de alto riesgo y en pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Las pruebas diagnósticas que certifiquen la patología no siempre se logran ni tienen un excelente rendimiento. Los hallazgos endoscópicos no siempre son claros para diferenciarla de una neoplasia, y en algunos casos una prueba terapéutica puede ser la confirmación de la enfermedad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con diarrea crónica, cuadro consuntivo y sin síntomas respiratorios al inicio de su cuadro.

Úlcera cecal idiopática: reporte de un caso / Idiopathic cecal ulcer: report of a case

Las úlceras solitarias de ciego no específicas son raras en frecuencia, existen reportes de casos y pequeñas series en la literatura pero en el Perú aún no se han descrito. Son de etiología desconocida y diagnóstico diferencial amplio, presentamos el caso de un interno de medicina con historia de hemorragia digestiva baja y una úlcera cecal única a descartar neoplasia maligna, realizándose una hemicolectomía derecha laparoscópica de emergencia, luego de un amplio estudio, se concluye que se trata de una úlcera cecal idiopática.

The idiopathic cecal ulcer is rare in frequency, there are case reports and small series in the literature but in Peru have not been described yet. They are of unknown etiology and wide differential diagnosis, we report the case of a medical intern with lower gastrointestinal bleeding history and a solitary cecal ulcer that was suspected of being cancer, then an emergency laparoscopic right hemicolectomy was performed, after an extensive study we conclude that it is an idiopathic cecal ulcer.

Apendicitis aguda asociada a masa palpable en fosa iliaca derecha / Acute appendicitis associated with palpable mass in the right lower quadrant

La apendicitis aguda es la primera causa de cirugía en pediatría. Su manejo es de urgencia. Como complicación del proceso inflamatorio local se puede producir un plastrón apendicular, siendo este la principal causa de masa en fosa iliaca derecha asociada a cuadro clínico compatible; sin embargo, se debe considerar la ocurrencia de otras causas de masa local. El abordaje quirúrgico inmediato prima en el estudio de una masa en fosa iliaca derecha asociada a dolor local cuando se requiere llegar al diagnóstico con precisión, prefiriéndose antes que el abordaje diferido o conservador, usados con frecuencia cuando la sospecha principal es masa de origen apendicular.

The acute appendicitis is the first cause of surgery in pediatric care. Its management is urgent. As a complication of the local inflammatory process, it can develops an appendicular abscess, being this the principal cause of right fossa iliac’s mass associated to clinic; nevertheless, it has to be considered other causes of local mass. The surgical approach goes first in the study of the right fossa iliac’s mass associated to local pain when it is required to have a diagnosis with accuracy, preferring this before the interval appendicectomy or conservative management, frequently used when the principal hypothesis is an appendiceal mass.

Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding from the Appendix Diagnosed by Colonoscopy / 대한소화기학회지

No abstract available.

Magnetic toy ingestion leading to jejunocecal fistula in a child

The accidental ingestion of a foreign body is a common problem in children, but ingestion of magnets is rare. When multiple magnets are ingested, they may attract each other and cause pressure necrosis through the bowel walls and eventually lead to serious complications like obstruction, perforation, and fistula formation. We report a case of a 5-year-old girl with jejunocecal fistula following ingestion of 2 magnet toys; it highlights the diagnostic challenge and the need for early surgical intervention in children especially when multiple magnets are ingested

Ulcera benigna de ciego / Benign cecal ulcer

Introducción: La úlcera benigna de ciego es una entidad poco frecuente, que en general no se la considera entre los diagnósticos diferenciales de las patologías agudas y crónicas del colon. Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento actual de una patología infrecuente del colon, a partir de cuatro casos clínicos. Lugar de aplicación: Institución privada. Pacientes y Métodos: Se presentan cuatro pacientes operados con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de úlcera benigna de ciego, entre mayo de 1996 y marzo de 2008, tres hombres y una mujer, con un promedio de edad de 70.75 años (rango 59 a 83 años). Resultados: La presentación clínica fue síndrome de fosa ilíaca derecha, hemorragia digestiva baja, obstrucción intestinal y tumor de colon. En ningún caso se obtuvo diagnóstico preoperatorio mediante estudios por imágenes. En los cuatro casos se realizó colectomía derecha, tres por vía convencional y una videoasistida. No hubo mortalidad. Un paciente presentó infección de herida quirúrgica. Conclusiones: Es una patología difícil de diagnosticar en forma pre o intraoperatoria. Su etiología es desconocida. Actualmente se relaciona con la ingesta de antiinflamatorios no esteroides e infección por citomegalovirus en pacientes trasplantados. Por medio de la colonoscopía y biopsia se puede realizar tratamiento conservador. La cirugía está indicada en las complicaciones de la enfermedad o ante la sospecha de tumor del colon.

Introduction: The benign cecal ulcer is a rare entity, which generally is not considered among differentials diagnosis of the acute or chronic colon pathologies. Objective: To assess the current behaviour of a rare colonic entity, from four clinical cases. Point of application: Private Institution. Patients and Methods: Four patients operated with anatomopathological diagnosis of benign cecal ulcer, between May 1996 and March 2008, three men and one woman, with an average age of 70.75 years (range 59 to 83 years). Results: The clinical presentations were right iliac fossa syndrome, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal obstruction, tumor of the colon. No preoperative diagnosis were obtained through imaging studies. In all four cases right colectomy was performed, three conventional and one videoassisted. There was no mortality. One patient had wound infection. Conclusions: It is a difficult pathology to diagnose preoperatively or intraoperatively. The ethiology is unknown. Actually it is related to the intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cytomegalovirus infection in transplant patients. Through the colonoscopy and biopsy conservative treatment can be performed. Surgical intervention is necessary when complications are present or if malignancy is suspected.

Mucocele de apêndice / Mucocele of the appendix

Appendiceal mucocele is a rare entity characterized by a gross enlargement of the appendix from accumulation of mucoid substance within the lumen. It is encountered in only 0.1 - 0.4% of all appendicectomies with a female predominance (M/F: 1/4) and a mean age of more than 50 years at the time of presentation . Because of that, appendiceal mucocele is often incidentally discovered either during surgery or on radiologic examination. A case of benign appendiceal mucocele is reported here, in a 49 years old male. The pathogenesis and the different surgical strategies are discussed.

Diverticulitis cecal como causa de abdomen agudo quirúrgico. Presentación de un caso / Cecal diverticulitis as a cause of surgical acute abdomen

The unique cecal diverticulitis is a rare event in the occidental population with a difficult pre-surgical diagnosis. The observation of this entity encountered during the development of a laparoscopy because a supposed diagnosis of acute apendicitis, motivated this report.

Mucocele apendicular y colecistitis aguda gangrenada / Appendiceal mucocele and gangrenous cholecystitis

Objetivo: descripción de un caso de mucocele apendicular y colecistitis aguda gangrenada, atendido en el Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS. Caso clínico: hombre de 80 años de edad que ingresó al hospital con diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda y tumor abdominal de etiología desconocida, dolor abdominal de 10 días de evolución localizado en hipocondrio derecho, sin fiebre ni pérdida importante de peso. Los exámenes de laboratorio mostraron únicamente leucocitosis moderada. La tomografía computarizada abdominal mostró vesícula biliar con paredes engrosadas y datos de agudización, así como tumor abdominal en fosa iliaca derecha. Se exploró quirúrgicamente con los siguientes hallazgos: colecistitis aguda supurada y tumoración apendicular de 20 cm de longitud, sin datos de malignidad. Se realizó colecistectomía y apendicectomía. El periodo posoperatorio transcurrió sin incidentes. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue de mucocele apendicular no roto. El paciente fue dado de alta a los cinco días. Pasados cinco meses de la intervención, se encontraba asintomático.

OBJECTIVE: We present a case report of appendiceal mucocele and gangrenous cholecystitis. SETTING: Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, México, D.F. CLINICAL CASE: An 80-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and abdominal tumor under study, with complaints of abdominal pain for 10 days located in the right upper quadrant, without fever or significant weight loss. Laboratory analyses revealed moderate leucocytosis. CT of the abdomen revealed thickening of the gallbladder wall and acute local inflammation, as well as the presence of abdominal tumor in the right lower quadrant. The patient was surgically explored with the following findings: gangrenous cholecystitis and appendiceal tumor of 20 cm length. Cholecystectomy and appendectomy was performed. The postoperative period was normal. The final histological report was appendiceal mucocele and the patient was discharged after 5 days. The patient is currently without complaints at 5 months postoperatively.

Colonoscopic Diagnosis of Appendiceal Intussusception: A Case Report

Intussusception of the appendix is an uncommon condition and the diagnosis is rarely made preoperatively. Intussusception of the appendix may mimic a neoplastic lesion. Colonoscopy is a valuable tool for diagnosis of the appendiceal intussusception. A 17-yr-old female admitted with repeated abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and febrile sensation. We diagnosed as appendiceal intussusception by colonoscopy, which showed a polypoid tumor (about 1.5 cm) in the cecum. This sessile polypoid mass looks like foreskin or glans. We present colonoscopic finding of appendiceal intussusception and review the literature.

Doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice cecal como causa de enterorragia / Crohn's disease isolated of the appendix as a source of enterorrhagia

RACIONAL: A doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice é doença de paciente jovem, relativamente rara, com quadro histopatológico semelhante ao da doença de Crohn típica. Seu quadro clínico, em geral, simula o da apendicite aguda, com manifestações protraídas e na palpação do abdome, além dos sinais de irritação peritonial, nota-se com freqüência, um tumor palpável. OBJETIVO: Apresentar um caso de doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice que se manifestou por enterorragia e cuja origem foi identificada pela colonoscopia. PACIENTE: Masculino, com 16 anos de idade, sem outras manifestações digestivas apresentou dois episódios de enterorragia com intervalo de cerca de 1 ano. No segundo episódio, a colonoscopia identificou o sangramento como proveniente do óstio apendicular. RESULTADO: Indicada a exploração cirúrgica, constatou-se que o ceco e o íleo eram normais e que o apêndice cecal estava com sinais inflamatórios e bloqueado pelo omento, realizando-se a apendicectomia. O exame anatomopatológico revelou tratar-se de processo inflamatório crônico com infiltrado linfoplasmocitário e granulomas esparsos, sugestivo de doença de Crohn. Em acompanhamento clínico, não apresentou manifestações de doença digestiva e a colonoscopia, realizada após 2 anos, não mostrou evidências de recidiva ou propagação da doença para o íleo. CONCLUSAO: Neste caso, como nos demais relatados na literatura, a apendicectomia é possivelmente curativa, devendo o paciente ser acompanhado, pelo menos, por 5 anos. No diagnóstico diferencial das enterorragias em pacientes jovens, a doença de Crohn isolada do apêndice também pode ser considerada.

Divertículo único do ceco: experiência de um hospital geral brasileiro / Solitary diverticulum of the cecum: experience of a Brazilian general hospital

RACIONAL: A diverticulite cecal é uma condição rara, especialmente em populações ocidentais. Sua importância reside no fato de fazer parte do diagnóstico diferencial da apendicite aguda e do carcinoma ulcerado de ceco. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: Apresenta-se a experiência de um hospital geral do sul do Brasil no tratamento da diverticulite cecal. Descrevem-se quatro casos de divertículo único inflamado de ceco. Um destes teve diagnóstico pré-operatório através de tomografia computadorizada de abdome, tendo o paciente tratado clinicamente com remissão do quadro de diverticulite. Os outros três pacientes foram submetidos a colectomia direita com íleo-transverso anastomose. RESULTADOS: A mortalidade foi nula e nos casos operados não houve complicações pós-operatórias. Quando se consegue obter diagnóstico pré-operatório, pode-se optar por manejo clínico. CONCLUSAO: Recomendamos laparotomia exploradora quando não há certeza diagnóstica. Preconizamos manejo cirúrgico radical quando o diagnóstico é efetuado através de laparotomia.

Ulcera cecal inespecífica en una paciente con insuficiencia renal crónica en programa de hemodiálisis: caso clínico / Unspecific cecal ulcer in a patient undergoing hemodialysis for chronic renal failure: clinical case

We report a 65 years old female undergoing hemodialysis, presenting with intense pain in the lower right quadrant and moderate hematochezia. Since symptoms did not abate after an appendectomy, a colonoscopy and barium enema were performed, whose results suggested an advanced cecal carcinoma. Biopsies were negative for cancer. A new surgical abdominal exploration disclosed a cecal inflammatory and transmural lesion. A right colectomy was performed and the patient had a satisfactory postoperative evolution. Pathological study of the surgical piece showed a six cm perforated profound ulceration and a two cm ulcer. Both had precise limits. Unspecific cecal ulcers are rare entities that must be born in mind in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain or hematochezia, specially in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis